Alapadatok
Év, oldalszám:2005, 9 oldal
Nyelv:magyar
Letöltések száma:60
Feltöltve:2013. január 25.
Méret:143 KB
Intézmény:
-
Megjegyzés:
Csatolmány:-
Letöltés PDF-ben:Kérlek jelentkezz be!
Értékelések
Nincs még értékelés. Legyél Te az első!
Legnépszerűbb doksik ebben a kategóriában
Tartalmi kivonat
7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV 5XKi]DWIHOV]HUHOpV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ Y %HYH]HWpV (]DGRNXPHQWXPD]RNQDNV]yODNLNV]HUHWQpQHNiOWDOiQRVLVPHUHWHNHWNDSQLDKDYDVMHJHV N|UOPpQHNKH]V]NVpJHVUXKi]DWUyOpVIHOV]HUHOpVU O7pOLN|UOPpQHNDODWWpUWHPDQiUL PDJDVKHJL PIHOHWWD]$OSRNEDQ W~UiNDWDQRYHPEHUW OPiUFLXVLJWDUWyLG V]DNRWD] DODFVRQDEE UpJLyNEDQ $OSRN 7iWUD PLJ LOOHWYH D NODVV]LNXV PDJDVKHJHNHW LV (] UHQGNtYOVRNIDMWDN|UOPpQWIRJODOPDJiEDD]HJV]HU KyOHMW W ODNRPELQiOW PL[ YDJ MpJPiV]iVLJ D PDJDVViJJDO MiUy SUREOpPiNNDO HJWW 0LQGHJLN WHUHSQHN LOOHWYH WHYpNHQVpJQHNPHJYDQDPDJDVDMiWRVViJDDPHJIHOHO |OW|]HWpVIHOV]HUHOpVLJpQQHO(]pUW NRQNUpWUHFHSWHNKHOHWWDN|YHWHQG HOYHNHWNtYiQRPEHPXWDWQL $] HOV UpV]EHQ D UXKi]DWWDO IRJODONR]LN D PiVRGLN UpV] WDJODOMD D WHFKQLNDL IHOV]HUHOpVW 0HJMHJ]HQG
KRJMHOHQGRNXPHQWXPKDYDVMHJHV QHP SHGLJ HV V N|UOPpQHNHW WpWHOH] IHO HV YDJQDJROYDGiVHVHWpQOHJE|OFVHEEOHYRQXOQLDKHJU O« 5XKi]DW 7pOLN|UOPpQHNQpOD]HJLNDODSYHW SUREOpPDKRJW~Ui]iVPiV]iVN|]EHQPHJL]]DGD] HPEHU pV PLNRU D PR]JiV DEEDPDUDG SLKHQpV H] D ´K W IRODGpN´ VRN HQHUJLiW YHV] HO D WHVWW OtJIRNR]RWWDNLK OpVpVDIDJiVYHV]pOH$PR]JiVKR]QHPNHOOPLQGHQQHNUDMWXQN OHQQLH /DYLQDJDQ~V WHUHSHQ W|UWpQ PR]JiV PiV KHO]HW 6]HUHQFVpUH PD PiU NDSKDWyN RODQDQJEyONpV]OWUXKiNPHOHNVHJtWLND]L]]DGViJJRUVHOYH]HWpVpWLOOHWYHYL]HVHQLV PHOHJHN (]HN D]RQEDQ FVDN D PHJIHOHO K PpUVpNOHWL pV SiUDYLV]RQRN N|]|WW GROJR]QDN RSWLPiOLVDQgOW|]N|GpVNRUDN|YHWNH] NHWWDUWVXNV]HPHO WW $ E UUH N|]YHWOHQO P DQDJ DODS~ DOi|OW|]HWHW YHJQN PHUW HQQHN OHJQDJREE D Yt]iWHUHV]W pVHJEHQOHJNLVHEEDYt]IHOV]tYyNpSHVVpJH 0LQLPDOL]iOMXN D] iWQHGYHVHGpVW 5XKi]DWXQNDW D] REMHNWtY
N|UOPpQHNKH] NpSHVW K PpUVpNOHW V]pO WHUHS PHUHGHNVpJH KyHVpV KyYDVWDJViJ QDSV]DN YiODVV]XN PHJ $ PHQHW N|]EHQL |OW|]pVYHWN ]pV JDNUDQ NLYiOWKDWy D UXKD iOOtWJDWiViYDO SO D NDEiWXMM V] NtW OD]tWiViYDO D ]LS]iUDN ]VHEHN ROGDO]LS]iU NDPiVOL NLQLWiViYDO +D PLQGHQNpSSHQ YHWN ]QL NHOO UpV]HVtWVN HO QEHQ D JRUVDQ PHQHW N|]EHQ IHO pV OHYHKHW UXKDGDUDERNDW VDSNDNDSXFQLNHV]W 6HEHVVpJQNHWLJD]tWVXND]REMHNWtYN|UOPpQHNKH] $QHGYHVUXKDIHOOHWHWV]pOHVHWpQD]RQQDOWDNDUMXNEH6]pOFVHQEHQV]pSHQSiURORJWDWHJ DOi|OW|]HWLSyOyGHDV]pOUiQNIDJDV]WKDWMD /HKHW OHJV]pOPHQWHVKHOHQiOOMXQNPHJSLQHQQLLQQL(OpJOHKHWHJKyEXFND V]pOiUQpNRVROGDOiUDK~]yGQL IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV $QDJ 3ROLpV]WHU 3ROLSURSLOpQ (O Q|N *RUVDQ V]iUDG .pQHOPHV .|QQ 1pKiQ WtSXV
QHGYHVHQ LV V]LJHWHO *RUVDQV]iUDG.|QQ 1ORQ (U V pV VWUDSDEtUy .|QQ 2OFVy 1pKiQ WtSXVV]pOpVNRSiViOOy 6SDQGH[ 1~MWKDWy *DSM~ 1HGYHVHQ LV V]LJHWHO YDODPHQQLW (OIRJDKDWy V]pO pV NRSiViOOyViJ 2OFVy -yO V]HOO ]LN -y PHOHJ 6]iUD]RQ LG EHQ NpQHOPHV2OFVy 3DPXW $UpWHJHV|OW|]N|GpV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ +iWUiQRN )HOKDV]QiOiV UiJD 1pKiQ WtSXV 3yOyN pV DOi|OW|]HWHN V]DJWDUWy PHOHJtW UpWHJHN IOHHFH QDGUiJRN SXOyYHUHN 6DSNiNNHV]W N]RNQLN UiJD .LVVp KRU]VRO 0LQWDSROLpV]WHU 6]DJWDUWy +D HOi]RWW ODVVDQ .DEiWRN V]pOiOOy V]iUDG UXKDGDUDERN NOV HJXMMDV IHG NHV]W N QHGYHVVpJ]iUy]RNQLN .HYpVEp VWUDSDEtUy 5XKiN WROGiVD D] /DVVDQV]iUDG t]OHWHNQpO /DVVDQ V]iUDG 1HKp] 0HOHJtW UpWHJHN .LVVpKRU]VRO SXOyYHU QDGUiJ 6DSNiN NHV]W N NOV ]RNQLN 6RN YL]HW V]tY IHO ÈOWDOiEDQ QHP 1HGYHVHQ QHP WDUWMD D KDV]QiOKDWy .LYpYH PHOHJHW 1DJRQ SyOyN My LG HVHWpQ ODVVDQV]iUDG QDSYpG NDODSRN NHQG
N $OVyWHVWUpWHJIHOV WHVWUpWHJQRUPiOWpOLN|UOPpQHNHVHWpQ Û& $OVyUpWHJ WKHUPRDOi|OW|]HW YpNRQUpWHJDE U|Q ]RNQLQDGUiJSRORSLOyWDVDSND NHV]W 0HJMDOVyQDGUiJEyOLVFpOV]HU WKHUPRDQDJ~WKDV]QiOQLKRJQHOHJHQDYHVpQNYL]HV ERURJDWiVEDQHJpV]QDS .OV UpWHJ Yt]]iUyV]pO]iUyGHSiUDiWHUHV]W YpNRQUpWHJ FLS QDGUiJNDEiWNDSXFQL NHV]W FVDSDGpNRVV]HOHVLG EHQKRUGMXN .|]EHQV UpWHJHN ]RNQL YDVWDJJDSM~ QDGUiJ UXJDOPDVWpUGHQpVIHQpNHQNRSiViOOy LQJ YKRVV]~XMM~SyOy HU VV]|YpV NRSiVYpG UpV]HNNHO VDSND SROiU NHV]W SROiU 0LQWROYDVViWRNHGGLJUpWHJHWYHWWQNIHOSONHV]W DOi|OW|]HWSROiUJW[ )HOV WHVWUHYHJQNPpJUpWHJQHNSROiUPHOOpQW ZLQGVWRSSHUHV H]IRODPDWRVDQUDMWXQN OHKHWpVWDUWDOpNQDN H]D]UpWHJ SROiUNDEiWRW7pOLPiV]iVQiONO|Q|VHQMpJPiV]iVQiO SUDNWLNXVDVWDQGEDQiOOGRJiOiVKR]DUXKiNWHWHMpEHHJSHKHONDEiWRWYLQQLpVJDSM~YDJ SHKHONHV]W WK~]QL H]HNE OHOHJHQG
SDUWLQNpQWHJ =RNQLDOi|OW|]HW $]DOi|OW|]HWV]HUHSHD]L]]DGViJHOYH]HWpVHDE UIHOV]tQpU O*iUWyFpJHNSO0RLUD&UDIW 6XE=HUR 6HQVRU +HOO +DQVHQ =RNQLNQiO V]LQWpQ YDQQDN LOHQ WXODMGRQViJJDO UHQGHONH] WHUPpNHN D NRPRODEE SpOGiQRN JDNUDQ W|EE NO|QE|] DQDJEyO YDQQDN |VV]HiOOtWYD PHOHJtW Yt]HOYH]HW HU VtWHWWQ~Oy IHOOHWHNE O D] HPEHUL OiE DQDWyPLiMiQDN PHJIHOHO HQ SO %ULGJHGDOH =RNQLEyO JDNUDQ HJ YpNRQ PDMG HJ YDVWDJ ]RNQLW YLVHO D] HPEHU IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ %DNDQFVRW LV NpW ]RNQLYDO NHOO SUyEiOQL $ OiE NLG|U]V|O G|WW UpV]HLW V]RNiV OHXNRSODVWWDO OHUDJDV]WDQL ILJHOHPDOHXNRSODVWPLQGNpWROGDODWDSDG NO|Q|VHQKDiWi]RWW ±YLJi]]XQN D]RNQLUDDUDJDFVRVV]DODJN|QQHQPHJNRSDV]WKDWMD 1DGUiJ 6]LQWpQ FpOV]HU KD OpOHJ] DQDJEyO
YDQ $] DQDJiQDN HU VQHN NHOO OHQQLH KRJ HJ NLFV~V]iVW NLEtUMRQ QHP EDM KD PHJ YDQQDN HU VtWYH D FV~V]iVRN iOWDO KDV]QiOW UpV]HL SO IHQHNH *RQGROQL NHOO D] HPEHUL PLQGHQQDSRV V]NVpJOHWHN NLHOpJtWpVpUH LV +iJyYDV MpJFViNiQKDV]QiODWVRUiQILJHOMQNRGDPHUWN|QQHQVpUOKHWDQDGUiJ 3ROiU|OW|]HWHN .RUXQN JDSM~MD $ SROiU |OW|]HWHN HJLN OHJMREE WXODMGRQViJD KRJ QHGYHVHQ LV WDUWMiN D PHOHJHW .|QQ HN MyO V]HOO ]QHN /pWH]LN QDGUiJ NDEiW VDSND NHV]W ViO 5HQGNtYO KDV]QRVDN .O|QIpOH YDVWDJViJEDQ V]iOV U VpJEHQ OpWH]QHN DV VNiOiQ V]RNWiN MHO|OQL /pWH]LN ZLQGVWRSSHUHV YiOWR]DWXN LV 1HP V]tYMD PDJiED D YL]HW 0RViVXNQiO V]HPFVpV PRVyV]HUW pV |EOtW W WLORV KDV]QiOQL PHUW HOW|PtWL D] UHJHV V]iODNDW $ ZLQGVWRSSHUHV PRViViKR] VSHFLiOLV V]HU NHOO $ SROiU pV D JDSM~ FV|YHV V]HUNH]HW V]iODV DQDJRNPHOHNDFV EHQOpY ]iUWQHPPR]JyOHYHJ PLDWWV]LJHWHOQHNMyO
3HKHOUXKiN $SHKHO|OW|]HWHNHO QHKRJUHQGNtYOPHOHJMyOV]LJHWHO$SHKHON|]|WWÄEHQWUHNHG´D OHYHJ DPL V]LJHWHO +iWUiQD KRJ YL]HVHQ |VV]HHVLN pV QHGYV]tYy 9L]HVHQ UHQGNtYO QHKp]]p YiOKDW 9LV]RQODJ VRN KHOHW IRJODO $ SHKHO NpSHV HOFV~V]QL H]pUW pUGHPHV PHJQp]QL D] HJHV UHNHV]HN HOUHQGH]pVpW pV D] D]RN N|]|WWL YDUUiVW $ SHKHO XWiQW|OWpVH OHKHWVpJHV ([WUpP KLGHJEHQ pV QDJ PDJDVViJRNEDQ QpONO|]KHWHWOHQ ) OHJ NDEiWRN pV KiOy]ViNRN NpV]OQHN EHO OH /pWH]LN V]LQWHWLNXV ÄSHKHO´ H] QHGYHVHQ LV PHOHJ YLV]RQW QHKH]HEE %DNDQFVNDPiVOL $KHJPiV]iVVRUiQHU VHEENLYLWHO EDNDQFVRNDWpUGHPHVKDV]QiOQLD]iOWDOiQRVDNQiOWHKiW D V]|YHW NHYOiU EHV]|YpVHNQpO MREE D E U .DWHJyULiN PHOHNU O tURN WUHNNLQJ QiUL DOSHVLWHOLDOSHVL $WDOSWHNLQWHWpEHQPHJPLQGLJD9,%5$0PiUNDQHY DOHJHOLVPHUWHEE$FLS JiUWyNW|EE HVHWEHQ LV NLKR]]DN D FLS W D VDMiW WDOSXNNDO pV D 9,%5$0 WDOSSDO LV H]
XWyEEL HVHWEHQ GUiJiEE NE H)WDO D FLS 7HKiW HJ WUHNNLQJ FLS HVHWpEHQ VHP PLQGHJ KRJ PLOHQ D WDOSD6]LNOiQWDSDGMRQYL]HVHQQHFV~VV]RQKDYRQLVOHKHVVHQKDV]QiOQL$FLS YiViUOiVHO WW pUGHPHV ]RNQL YiViUOiViYDO NH]GHQL (J ]RNQLW MDYDVORN D FLS EH K~]QL PHO NRPELQiOW V]|YpV QDJRQ YDVWDJ %HOV ROGDOUyO NLV]RUtWMD D QHGYHVVpJHW D NOV JDSM~ UpV]HNEH 1iURQ PHOHJHEE KHOHNUH OHKHW NDSQL QHP PHOHJ GH YDVWDJ My WpUNLW|OW ]RNQLNDW 7HOL KDV]QiODWUD KLGHJEHQ QHKp] V]LNOD XWDNKR] LV OHKHW V]LPSOD PiV]y EDNDQFVRW KDV]QiOQL GH NpW YDVWDJ ]RNQLYDO ÈOWDOiEDQ D *RUH7H[ FLS N MREEDQ V]HOO ]WHWLN D OiEDW GH QHP FVRGDV]HUHN eUGHPHV D FLS iSROiViW D EDNDQFVKR] NDSRWW WiMpNR]WDWy V]HULQW YpJH]QL 3O HOHJHQG pYHQWH LOO QDJREE LJpQEHYpWHO XWiQ HJV]HU iSROQL GH HQQHN H)W D] iUD IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW
6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ 7UHNNLQJ 1iURQ PLJ WpOHQ KDYDV VpWiUD KDV]QiOMXN 3XKD D IHOV UpV]H KDMOpNRQ D WDOSD KiJyYDVDWQHPDMiQORWWUiN|W|]QL DPDG]DJHOV]RUtWMDDOiEYpUNHULQJpVpW 0DJDVV]iU~FLS OHKHW OHJ JXPL YpGL D FLS IHOV UpV] ROGDOiW N|UEH %HV]iOOiVRNKR] PRUpQD OHMW N|Q QDJ KiWL]ViN HVHWpQ QDJRQ MyN $] XQ $%& NDWHJyULiV EHVRUROiV HVHWpQ pUGHPHV D %&W YiODV]WDQLH]HNDOHJGUiJiEEOHJHU VHEEWUHNNLQJFLS N 1iULDOSHVL 1iULW~UiLQNVRUiQPLJKDV]QiOMXN7HOMHVHQPHUHYWDOS~ DFpOEHWpWHV E UEDNDQFV$E UYDVWDJViJDPPOHKHW OHJPDUKDE U.LIRUGtWRWWE UWV]LNOiVDEE QHP OiWV]LNDNDUFROiV IpQHVE UWKDYDVDEE QHKH]HEEHQi]LNiW KHOHNHQKDV]QiOXQN$E U IHOV UpV]LVPHUHYHOYLVHOLDKiJyYDVKHYHGHUWDOiEHOV]RUtWiVQpONO(QQHNHOOHQpUHD]HO O NRVDUDVUHQGV]HU KiWXOSDWWLQWyVYDJN|W|]
VKiJyYDVDWMDYDVORP$PHUHYWDOSVHJtWLD KDYRQJOHFFVHUHQDJDORJOiVWDEHV]iOOiVRNPHJN|]HOtWpVpW OpSpVU~JiV 0iV]QLLVMyOOHKHW EHQQH6DMQRVH]HNDEDNDQFVRNH)WIHOHWWYDQQDNGHW|EEWDOSDWLVHOOHKHWKRUGDQLUDMWXN 0DPiUDUDJDV]WRWWpVDYDUURWWWDOSDNN|]|WWFVHUpOKHW VpJV]HPSRQWMiEyOQLQFVNO|QEVpJ$ OpQHJKRJPDUDGMRQDQDJD]~MWDOSIHOUDJDV]WiViKR]$%&NDWHJyULiVEHVRUROiVHVHWpQ pUGHPHVDWYiODV]WDQLH]HNDOHJGUiJiEEDNOHJHU VHEEHN 7HOLDOSHVL 7HOLW~UiLQNVRUiQPLJKDV]QiOMXN7HOMHVHQPHUHYWDOS~iOW0 DQDJGXSODEDNDQFV 9DQEHOV FLS MHiOWWH[WLOMHOOHJ DJRUVDEEV]iUDGiVpUGHNpEHQ$FLS IHOV UpV]QpOD]RUU NLNpS]pVpEHQOHKHWNO|QEVpJDONDOPDVHVtN|WpVU|J]tWpVpUH"$FLS V]iUiQiODODSHVHWHW OHKHWPHJNO|QE|]WHWQL I ] V±PiV]yEDNDQFVFVDWRVVtW~UDEDNDQFVU|YLGV]iUUDOFVDWRV VtW~UDEDNDQFVKRVV]~V]iUUDO$FVDWRVVtW~UDEDNDQFVKRVV]~V]iUUDO XJDQPpJOHKHWEHQQH
JDORJROQLGHLQNiEEFVDNVtHOQL$VtW~UDEDNDQFVMHOOHP] MHDOpSHJHW MiUyiWiOOtWiV OHKHW VpJHDPLNRUDEDNDQFVV]iUDQLQFVU|J]tWYHKDMOLN$U|YLGV]iU~FVDWRVVtW~UDEDNDQFV DONDOPDVVtW~Ui]iVUDpVPiV]iVUDHJDUiQW1HKH]HEEPiV]iVRNKR]MREEDKDMOpNRQDEEI ] V P DQDJEDNDQFVDPpJQHKH]HEEHNKH]QiULEDNDQFVpVHOOHKHWMXWQLDWpOHQKDV]QiOW PiV]yFLS LJ 0 DQDJ EDNDQFV QHP NHOO NDUEDQWDUWDQL WHOMHVHQ Yt]iOOy Yt] VH NL VH EH D EHOV FLS NLYHKHW pV D KiOy]ViNEDQ V]iUtWKDWy D ERND PR]JpNRQViJiW PHJOHKHW VHQ NRUOiWR]]D IUDQFLD WHFKQLNiW EDMRV DONDOPD]QL PiU N|]HSHVHQ PHUHGHN OHMW Q LV JRUVFVDWRV KiJyYDV UiPHJ H]DOHJPHOHJHEEEDNDQFV9iViUOiVNRUJ ] GMQNPHJUyODKRJDEDNDQFVDWHOMHV PDJDVViJiLJYt]iOOy DQHOYPHOOHWWpVDERNDIRUJyQiOQHPWXGHYt]EHV]LYiURJQL % UEDNDQFV YD[ROQLNHOOLOOHWYHDJiUWyiOWDODMiQORWWV]HUUHONH]HOQL KDiWi]LNQHKp]OHV] KRVV]~ D V]iUDGiVL LGHMH D ERNiW QHP NRUOiWR]]D DQQLUD
PLQW D P DQDJ EDNDQFV QHKp] WHFKQLNiV MpJPL[ PiV]iVRNQiO H] QDJRQ IRQWRV HVHWOHJ QHP PLQGHQ KiJyYDV PHJ Ui +LGHJEHQ DOYiV HVHWpQ W|EE YHOH D JRQG YDJ PDUDG D KiOy]ViNRQ NtYO HNNRU N|QQHQ PHJIDJpVPHOHJtWHQLNHOOLQGXOiVHO WWDPLLG EHWHOLN YDJEHUDNMXNDKiOy]ViNEDHNNRU YLV]RQWEHOHROYDGDKiOy]ViNEDDPLV]LQWpQSUREOpPD QORQ]ViN .DPiVOL 7pUGDODWWNH]G GM|QWDNDUMDDEDNDQFVQHOYpWpVDFLS I ] W(JUpV]WNLQWWDUWMDD KDYDW PiVUpV]W YpGL D QDGUiJRW pV D EDNDQFVRW D KiJyYDVVpUOpVHNW O +D QHP V]HOO ] DQDJEyONpV]ON|QQHQDOiIOOHGKHWDOiE$IHOV V]iUDWOHKHVVHQ|VV]HK~]QLpVD]WYDODPL SDWHQWNDSRFVYDJJXPLVHJtWVpJpYHOEL]WRVtWDQL $]LS]iUPDJiEDQV]pWFV~V]LN 3UDNWLNXV D]HO|O VtSFVRQWPHQWpQ ]LS]iUDVID]RQ$]DOVyJXPLV]RURVDQ|OHOMHiWDERNiWNO|QEHQ QDJKyEDQOHPHQHWN|]EHQDOiWUHPNHGKHWDKy IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW
6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV .DEiW tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ .pWI WtSXViWKDV]QiOMXNWpOHQD]HJLNDSHKHONDEiWDPiVLNDP DQDJ JRUHWH[KHOR[ DTXDWH[ NDEiWRN $ SHKHO WXODMGRQViJDLW OiVG IHOMHEE $ NDEiWQDN NL NHOO EtUQLD HJ NLFV~V]iVWtJYLV]RQODJHU VHEEDQDJEyONHOOOHQQLHMyKDPHJYDQHU VtWYHDYiOODNDUMD $NDEiW]VHEHLWpViOOtWyUpV]HLWNHV]W EHQLVMyONHOOWXGQLNH]HOQL+yQDOM]LS]iUEL]WRVtWHJ PLQLPiOLVV]HOO ]pVW YDODPLYHOW|EEHWPLQWDPLWD]DQDJWXG -pJPiV]iVKR]Yt]iOOyNDEiW V]NVpJHV .HUOMN D YDVWDJ QHKp] NDEiWRNDW $ NDSXFQL iOOtWKDWyViJiUD ILJHOMQN (J WHFKQLNDL NDEiW KDV]QRV WXODMGRQViJDL DOXOUyO LV QLWKDWy ]LS]iU D EHO HOHMpW V]DEDGRQ KDJMD OHYHKHW YDJ EHFVRPDJROKDWy NDSXFQL ]LS]iUDV IHONDUV]HOO ] D NDEiW DOMiQ EHK~]y JXPL QLQFV DOVy ]VHE D KiWL]ViN GHUpNKHYHGHUH ~JLV OHWDNDUMD NDEiWXMMV] NtW K YLVV]DWNU|]
UpWHJPHJHU VtWHWWYiOOpVDONDU KiWL]ViNPiV]iV 6iOVDSNDNHV]W $ NODVV]LNXV ViO N|QQHQ EHDNDG ]DYDUy OHKHW D PR]JiVEDQ $ ViO OHOyJy UpV]pW WHFKQLNDL WHUHSHQ PLQGLJW UMNYDODPLDOieUGHPHVSROiU ViODW KDV]QiOQL /pWH]LN RUURWV]iMDWQDNDW OHIHG WpS ]iUDVJDOOpUViO $] HPEHU D IHMpQ NHUHV]WO UHQGNtYO VRN K W DG OH tJ D VDSND YDJ IOYpG KDV]QiODWD OpWIRQWRVViJ~OHKHW/HJKDPDUDEEDIOIDJOH PHJD]RUU eUGHPHVZLQGVWRSSHUHVVDSNiNDW KDV]QiOQL $ VDSND YpGMH IOHW pV D WDUNyW HJDUiQW /HJHQ iOOtWKDWy DOVy SiQW PHO PHJDNDGiOR]]D D VDSND OHHVpVpW QDJ V]pOEHQ $] HJpV] DUFRW YpGL D EDODFODYD QLQG]VDPDV]N .HV]W D]ÄPHOE OVRKDVHPHOpJ´7|EESiUV]NVpJHV IHOPHQHWLOHPHQHWLPiV]y NOV pVDOi|OW|]HW ÈOWDOiQRVWpOLKDV]QiODWUDXMMDVSROiUEHOV NHV]W W OHKHWZLQGVWRSSHUHV pV UiYHKHW} NOV NHV]W W KDV]QiOXQN $ NOV} NHV]W~ IHODGDWD D V]pOKy HOOHQL YpGHOHP HJ HU VHEE
YpG UpWHJJHOPHO DPHFKDQLNDLLJpQEHYpWHOHNQHNLVMyOHOOHQiOO $ NOV NHV]W Yt]OHSHUJHW V]HOO ] V U V]|YpV DQDJEyO NpV]OM|Q $ OHJMREEDN D NHYOiUDUDPLG V]iONRPELQiFLyYDONpV]tWHWWHN ÄHU VHEED]DFpOQiO´ $NOV NHV]W OHKHWNpWKiURPYDJ |WXMMDV /HJHQ KRVV]~ V]iUD PHO UiK~]KDWy D NDEiW XMMiUD pV |VV]HK~]KDWy ~J KRJ D KyEyO NLK~]YD NDUXQNDW QH PHQMHQ Ky D NHV]W EH (]W D] |VV]HK~]yW HJ Np]]HO OHKHVVHQ NH]HOQL$NOV NHV]W U|J]tWKHW OHJHQ]VLQyUUDODFVXNOyUDKRJOHYpWHOXWiQQHHVVHQOH $NOV pVEHOV NHV]W NO|QJRUVDEEDQV]iUDG 6]LNODXWDNQiO FpUQD E U YDJ QHRSUpQ NHV]W W KDV]QiOKDWXQN PHO ~W HUHMpLJ KDV]QiOKDWy &VXNOyKHYHGHUHV MpJPiV]iVKR] MyO KDV]QiOKDWy D JDSM~NHV]W -pJPiV]iVKR] NLYiOy WRYiEEi D QHRSUpQ MpJPiV]y NHV]W NHYOiU HU VtWpVHNNHO E~YiUEROWEDQ OHKHW YHQQL ROFVyEEDQ GH NHYpVEp My Y PPHV QHRSUpQ NHV]W W *DNUDQ NpWKiURP NHV]W W KDV]QiOXQN
HJ NOV W PHO YpG KyWyO Yt]W O V]pOW O pV EHOV W PHO D PHOHJHW EL]WRVtWMD 8MMDNV]HPSRQWMiEyODNpWXMMDVDOHJPHOHJHEEYLV]RQWQHKp]YHOHGROJR]QLD]|WXMMDVYLV]RQW VRNNDOKLGHJHEEN|]WHVPHJROGiVDKiURPXMMDVNHV]W LWWKRQULWNiQNDSKDWy 0HJMHJ]pV LG YHOPLQGHQNHV]W iWi]LN 6]HPYHJ 7|EEIDMWDV]HPYHJOpWH]LN0LQGHJLNQHNRVVDQNHOOV] UQLD]89IpQWpVOHJDOiEE RVDQ D] ,5W 0LQpO PDJDVDEEUD PHJQN DQQiO IRQWRVDEE D V] UpV PpUWpNH 89 ,5 OiWKDWy HJDUiQW ËJ D OHQFVpNHW NO|QIpOH NDWHJyULiNED VRUROMiN $ PDJDVKHJHNEHQ KDV]QiODWRV V]HPYHJ QHP DONDOPDV DXWyYH]HWpVUH $ V]HPYHJQHN YpGHQL NHOO D] ROGDOUyO M|Y IpQQHO V]HPEHQ LV $ V]HPYHJKH] WDUWy]LN VRNV]RU RUUYpG LV PHO D] RUU OHpJpVpW JiWROMD PHJ ( NpW XWyEEL NLHJpV]tW W OHKHW OHXNRSODVWEyO LV U|JW|Q|]QL $ V]HPYHJHW IHOK NEHQ N|GEHQ LV NHOO KRUGDQL KLV]HQ D] 89 iWKDWRO D N|GUpWHJHQ $ V]HPYHJQHN MyO
IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ NHOOLOOHV]NHGQLHDIHMUHGHHJPLQLPiOLVV]HOO ]pVQHNNHOOOHQQLHKRJQHSiURVRGMRQEH 6]HPYHJHVHN KDV]QiOKDWQDN NRQWDNWOHQFVpW DODFVRQDEE PDJDVViJRNEDQ FVLSWHW V OHQFVpNHWGHNpV]tWWHWKHWQNGLRSWULiVJOHFFVHUV]HPYHJHWLV hYHJYHUVXVP DQDJOHQFVH $]YHJDQDJiEyODGyGyDQV] ULD]89IpQWH]pUWH]EL]WRVYpGHOPHWQ~MW SHUV]HIJJD] 89 LQWHQ]LWiVWyO pV D] YHJYDVWDJViJiWyO GH MREEDQ NHOO YLJi]QL Ui N|QQHEEHQ W|ULN pV HNNRUQDJREEVpUOpVWRNR]UiJiEE $WHOMHVHQ]iUWV]HPYHJHNKDV]QiODWDQDJHUHM V]pOHVHWpQMDYDOORWW )HOV]HUHOpV )HOV]HUHOpVOLVWD SpOGD 0LQGHQKRYD D ÄWt] IRQWRV YLQQLYDOy´ WpUNpS LUiQW QDSV]HPYHJQDSNUpP WDUWDOpN pWHO WDUWDOpNHOHPWDUWDOpNUXKDHOHPOiPSDHOV VHJpONpV]OHWW ]J~MWyI ] OiEDVNpV$W~UD
IJJYpQpEHQQpKiQDWRWWKRQOHKHWKDJQL 5XKi]DW %DNDQFVNOV EHOV ]RNQLSyOyDOVyQDGUiJDOi|OW|]HW DOVyIHOV PHOHJtW UpWHJ SXOyYHUQDGUiJ Yt]iOOyNDEiWQDGUiJPHOHJVDSNDQDSYpG VDSNDNHV]W NNDPiVOL )HOV]HUHOpV W|EE QDSUD KiWL]ViN KiOy]ViN NRPSUHVV]LyV WRNNDO GHUpNDOM L]ROtU ViWRU pWHO WHUPRV]IHOV]HUHOpVNDUEDQWDUWyNpV]OHWI ] pVpWNH] HV]N|]|NyUDPDJDVViJPpU 7pOLpVJOHFFVHUIHOV]HUHOpV MpJFViNiQKiJyYDVNDUDELQHUHNEHO SUXV]LNRNIODVFKHQ]XJ NpV]OHW N|WpO KyODSiW KyI UpV] HOV VHJpOFVRPDJ SLHSV W~UDERW KyWDOS YDJ Vt WDUWDOpN UXKi]DW PLQLPXPNHV]W pV]RNQL NDPiVOL +iJyYDV $ KiJyYDV DQDJD IRJDLQDN V]iPD pV iOOiVD DODSMiQ PHJNO|QE|]WHWKHWQN N|QQ WHUHSUH YDJMpJ HVHWOHJPL[ PiV]iVUDWHUYH]HWWHV]N|]|NHW $] DOXPLQLXPERO LOOHWYH WLWiQEyO NpV]OW KiJyYDVDN D] DODSDQDJQDN N|V]|QKHW HQ N|QQ HNJOHFFVHUMiUiVKR]KypVILUQOHMW NOHN]GpVpKH]MyNtJH]HNHWHOV VRUEDQQiURQ
YDJVtW~UiNRQKDV]QiOMXN SO6WXEDL8OWUDOLJKW6DOHZD7LWDQ8OWUD*ULYHO/&DPS/& $ NRPELQiOW WHUHS pV WHFKQLNDL PiV]iVRN iOWDO WiPDV]WRWW N|YHWHOPpQHNQHN YLV]RQW PiU FVDN D] DFpO pV QLNNHO NUyPPROLEGpP 1L &U0R |WY|]HWE O NpV]OW KiJyYDVDN IHOHOQHNPHJ $Wt]IRJ~YDVJOHFFVHUMiUiVKR]pVN|QQHEEKHJLW~UiNKR]LGHiOLV SO&KDUOHW0RVHU(FULQV 3HW]O &KDUOHW ,UYLV %ODFN LDPRQG &RQWDFW *ULYHO (O QH KRJ D IURQWIRJDN XWiQ NLVVp KiWUpEE KHOH]NHGLN HO D PiVRGLN IRJSiU tJ Yt]V]LQWHV V]LNODSHUHPHN PHJOpSpVHNRU NHYpVEpYHV]LLJpQEHDYiGOLW0HUHGHNMpJHQPHU OHJHVU~JiVQiOYLV]RQWDPiVRGLNIRJSiU PiUQHPpULHODMHJHWHNNRUMREEDQIiUDV]W $ WL]HQNpW IRJ~ KiJyYDVDN WHFKQLNDL WHUHSUH YDOyN $ PiVRGLN IRJSiU WiPDV]WyIRJDN HOKHOH]NHGpVHV]HULQWNpWWtSXVOpWH]LN DI OHJMpJPiV]iVKR]WHUYH]HWWÄDJUHVV]tY´HO UHiOOy WiPDV]WyIRJ~ SO &0 %ODFN ,FH $XVWUL$OSLQ 7URO 3 &DPS
,FH 5LGHU pV D NRPELQiOW PiV]iVRNKR] HO Q|VHEE ÄOHIHOH´ iOOy PiVRGLN IRJ~ &0 6XSHU 3& 9DVDN &DPS ,FH 7UHN (]XWyEELDNHOV IRJDLJDNUDQOHIHOHtYHOWHNKRJV]LNOiQMREEDQWiPDV]NRMDQDN $IJJ OHJHVHOV IRJ~KiJyYDVDNNRPROWHFKQLNDLMpJpVPL[PiV]iVUDYDOyN *ULYHO &0 0 3& DUW *ULYHO 5DPER /pWH]LN HJIRJ~ PRQRSRLQW NLYLWHO D IRJDN V]iPD IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ JDNUDQ NRQILJXUiOKDWy $ KiWVy pV ROGDOVy DONDOPDVLQW D WDOS DODWWL IRJDN NLDODNtWiVD LV D MpJPiV]iVKR]LJD]RGLN QHPDNNRUiNPLQWHJKDYRQKDV]QiOWYDVHVHWpQYLV]RQWWHOLWDOSSDO LVPHJOHKHWOpSQLHJMpJJRPEiW ÄKiWUDQp] ´IRJDN /pWH]LNDIJJ OHJHVpVYt]V]LQWHVHOV IRJ~ YDVDN HO QHLW |WY|] Ä7´ IRJSURILO~ PHJROGiV 3& 6DUNHQ $] H[WUpP KiJyYDVDNQiO
JDNUDQOHJKiWXOLVYDQIRJ VDURNWVNHÄVDUNDQW~´ $PpJH[WUpPHEEYiOWR]DWRWHJHQHVHQ DEDNDQFVUDFVDYDUR]]iN 0HUHYVpJ V]HPSRQWMiEyO WtSXVW NO|QE|]WHWQN PHJ D WHOMHVHQ PHUHY pV D IpOPHUHY KiJyYDVDW$WHOMHVHQPHUHYP DQDJpVHJpEWHOMHVHQPHUHYWDOS~EDNDQFVRNKR]LGHiOLVMyO WDUWMD D OiEDW $ PHUHY KiJyYDV NpQHOPHWOHQ W~Ui]iVRNKR] pV Ky LV N|QQHEEHQ EHOHUDJDG PHOQ|YHOLDNLFV~V]iVYHV]pOpW$IJJ OHJHVNHUHW YDVEDMREEDQUDJDGDKy6]iOOtWiVNRU IRQWRVV]HPSRQWD]|VV]HFVXNKDWyViJ .|W|]pVV]HPSRQWMiEyOI WtSXVOpWH]LN$I ] VHO QHKRJPDMGQHPPLQGHQEDNDQFVUD UiUDNKDWyKiWUiQDKRJDOHpVIHOYpWHOVRNiLJWDUW DKHYHGHUHNHOV]RUtWMiNDYpUNHULQJpVW $OWHUQDWtYDDP DQDJNRVDUDVU|J]tWpV $ PiVLN QDJ FVRSRUW D JRUVFVDWRV ± FVDN PHJIHOHO EDNDQFVUD OHKHW UiUDNQL 1DJRQ KDV]QRV D] DQWLVQRZ JXPL PHO D Ky EHWDSDGiViW JiWROMD PHJ 6DMQRV QHP PLQGHJLN WtSXVKR]OHKHWNDSQL $ KiJyYDVDN N|]|WW NHOO PpJ
PHJHPOtWHQL D QpJ YDJ KDWIRJ~ VDURN DOi V]HUHOKHW FV~V]iVJiWOyW EHFHQHYpQÄPDFVNL´SO &DPS 4XDWWUR $$ 3RZHU*ULS pV HJpE V]|UQHNHW SODIURQWIRJQpONOL$$(DV PHOHNHWQHPKHJLN|UOPpQHNUHWHUYH]WHN -pJFViNiQ $MpJFViNiQD]HV]N|]DPLWOHJW|EEHWKDV]QiOXQNDONDOPDVNLFV~V]iVRNPHJiOOtWiViUDQHKp] MpJXWDN OHN]GpVpUH LOOHWYH EL]WRVtWiVUD 7|EEIpOH DQDJEyO NpV]tWLN DWWyO IJJ HQ KRJ PLOHQWHUHSUHV]iQMiNI WtSXViWNO|QE|]WHWMNPHJ MpJFViNiQpVWHFKQLNDLMpJV]HUV]iP PLQGNHWW E OW|EEIDMWDYDQDKDV]QiODWLFpOQDNPHJIHOHO HQ7~UDWHFKQLNDLVtW~UDWDUWDOpN $W~UDFViNiQRNQiOIRQWRVKRJVWDQGpStWpVKH]LVKDV]QiOMXNYDJFVDNVpWiUD $FViNiQQDNYDQNDSDUpV]HPHOMyOKDV]QiOKDWyOpSpViOOiVKHOSLKHQ KHONpV]tWpVpUH $ IHMV]pQHN NDODSiFVIHMH YDQ PHOOHO V]|JHOKHWQN $ FViNiQQDN pV IHMV]pQHN YDQ FV UH QHOHpVDQpOOHJW|EEV]|UWVNpEHQYpJ] GLN -pJFViNiQ 7~Ui]iVUD LOOHWYH N|QQHEEQHKH]HEE PiV]iVRNUD
KDV]QiOMXN $ QpOQHN OHJDOiEE N1 WHUKHOpVW HO NHOO EtUQLD KRJ VWDQGRN pStWpVpUH DONDOPDV OHJHQ )pNH]pVUH NLIHMH]HWWHQ DONDOPDV +RVV]D FPW O NH]G GLN $ JXPtUR]RWW QpO MREE IRJiVW Q~MW GH LG YHONRSLNpVNHPpQKyEDQHKH]HEEOHV]~UQL 7HFKQLNDLMpJV]HUV]iP .O|QE|] WtSXV~pVQHKp]VpJ MpJUHYDJPL[WHUHSUHKDV]QiOMXN 6SHFLiOLVDODNMDYDQiOWDOiEDQFVXNOyKHYHGHUUHOUHQGHONH]LN.EFPKRVV]~eUGHPHVHJ IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ NLVUHV]HO WpVIHQ N|YHWWDUWDQLDNDUEDQWDUWiVYpJHWW$]DOSHVLMpJUHWHUYH]HWWWtSXVRN N|QQHEEHNNHYpVEpPRGXOiULVDNPLQWDYt]MpJUHYDOyWiUVDLN &VXNOyKHYHGHU YDJ D FViNiQ HJpE PyGRQ PDJXQNKR] N|W|]pVH HO WW pUGHPHV PHJIRQWROQXQN YDMRQEL]WRQViJRVDEEHtJ" .LFV~V]iV OHKHW VpJpQHN HVHWpQ PLQGLJ DNNRUD NRQWUROOXQN NHOO OHJHQ
HV]N|] I|O|WW KRJ D]RQQDO IpNH]KHVVQN YHOH tJ H]HQ HOY V]HULQW I|O|VOHJHVDFVXNOyKHYHGHU$PiVLNYpJOHWDPDJXQNKR]N|W|]|WWNRQWUROOiODWODQMpJFViNiQ FVDSNRGiVD FV~V]iV N|]EHQ eUYHN pV HOOHQpUYHN FVDWiMiQDN YpJH PLQGHQNpSSHQ D VDMiW G|QWpVQNOHV] -pJFViNiQ W~Ui]iVN|QQ NRPELQiOWWHUHS &VXNOyKHYHGHUYDJKR]]iQNN|WYH %iUPLNRU HOHQJHGKHWMN KD PLQGNpW Np]]HO V]LNOiWNHOOIRJQL 1HPYHV]WKHWMNHO -pJV]HUV]iP WHFKQLNDLMpJQHKp]PL[ &VXNOyKHYHGHU .HYpVEpNHOOV]RUtWDQLDPDUNRODWRW 1HPYHV]WKHWMNHO 3XV]WDNp]EHQ 1DJREE PR]JiVL V]DEDGViJ SO HPHONHG Q FLNNFDNNEDQKDODGYDN|QQHEENH]HWYiOWDQL .RQWUROOiODWODQNLFV~V]iVNRUQHPiOOEHOpQN 3XV]WDNp]EHQ 1DJREEPR]JiVLV]DEDGViJ SONpWNp]HJ V]HUV]iPRQpVHJpEWUNN|VILJXUiN (VpVNRUQHPiOOEHOpQNLOOHWYHDIDOEDDNDGYD QHPUiQWMDPHJDNDUWYiOODW 7UDYHU]EHQ IHOHDQQL OHQGtWpV Np]FVHUpV PHJROGiV .|]WHVUDNiVNRUQHP]DYDUDFVXNOyKHYHGHU %L]WRVtWyHV]N|]|NN|]WHVHN
7|UHNHGMQN DUUD KRJ D OHKHW OHJNHYHVHEE IHOV]HUHOpVW FLSHOMN PDJXQNNDO 5pV]HVtWVN HO QEHQ D] XQLYHU]iOLV HV]N|]|NHW 3O HJ JOHFFVHUU O LQGXOy V]LNOD~WED YLKHWQN HUHV]HG HV]N|]W HUHV]NHGQL YLVV]DIXWiVJiWOyFVLJiW IODVFKHQ]XJED GHDNpWHV]N|]KHOHWWHOHJHQG HJ5HYHUVR 6SHFLiOLVEL]WRVtWyHV]N|]|N KyF|YHNGHDGPDQ NLVWHVWYpUHDGHDGER MpJFVDYDU VSHFLiOLV YiOWR]DWDLDQDJPHQHWHPHONHGpV ILUQFVDYDUSO&DPS9HUWLJHDEHW VNLWHNHU V6QDUJpV DGXJyK~]yDODN I FVDYDU $NLVHEEiUPpU M N|WpOJ U NN|QQHEEHQPHJIDJQDN IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV 3DUWLIHOV]HUHOpVNO|QE|] W~UiNHVHWpQ tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ *OHFFVHUW~UD JOHFFVHUN|WpO PP HOpJ HJ IpON|WpO IODVFKHQ]XJSUXV]LNNpV]OHWHNKyV]RQGD WiQpUQpONOLW~UDERW KyEL]WRVtWy HV]N|]|N -pJPiV]iV MpJFVDYDU H[SUHVV]HN
KHYHGHUHN MpJSLV]ND $EDODNRYJ U N VWDQGJ U NMpJV]HUV]iPRN WDUWDOpNMpJV]HUV]iP IpOYDJLNHUN|WpO .RPELQiOWWHUHS PLQWDMpJPiV]iVQiONLYpYH iOWDOiEDQHOpJMpJFVDYDU NHOOHQHNWRYiEEi V]|JHN NO|Q|VHQMyOKDV]QiOKDWyNWpOHQDSURILOV]|JHN 8HV=DODN V]LNODPiV]yN|]WHVHN eOHWPHQW HV]N|]|NHOV VHJpO 3LHSVPRELOWHOHIRQIHMOiPSDW~OpO IyOLDODSiWNp]PHOHJtW K DNNXEHWDGLQHN|WV]HUWHD ELYDNpVI ] IHOV]HUHOpVWHUPRV]VLVDN$VLVDNEDQDV]tMD]DWpVDWHW N|]|WWHOIpUDW~OpO IyOLDDPLQLPiOLVHOV VHJpONpV]OHW (JpE 6tOpF IRQWRV LVPHUQL D N|WpVW 7XGQXQN NHOO KRJDQ HVKHWQN EL]WRQViJRVDQ PHUW QpKiQ W~UDN|WpV QHP ROG PLQGHQ LUiQEDQ +RVV]~ KHJPHQHWEHQ HOHQJHGKHWHWOHQ D ERNDHPHO /HKHW OHJ HJ EDNDQFVRW KDV]QiOMXQN PiV]iVKR] pV VtHOpVKH] QH NHOOMHQ NpW SiUDW FLSHOQL .LHJpV]tW IHOV]HUHOpVDW~UDOpFKH] IyNDILUQYDV
7~UDERW DWHOHV]NySRVPRGHOODMiQORWW$WHOHV]NySRVERWRWV]iUtWDQLNHOOPHUWDFVDYDURNQDN QHP WHV] MyW D Yt] 9LJi]XQN KRJ OHVLNOiV N|]EHQ QHKRJ D VtOpFFHO HOYiJMXN D ERWRW $ W~UDERWQDNMyYDONLVHEEDWHUKHOKHW VpJHPLQWDUHQGHVVtERWRNQDN +yWDOS V]LQWpQ IRQWRV D ERNDHPHO KD QLQFV GH OHJDOiEE D ERND WXGMRQ V]DEDGRQ IHOOH PR]RJQL +yODSiW WiUVXQNODYLQDDOyONLiViViUDViWRUpVELYDNKHONpV]tWpVUHKDV]QiOMXN9HUKHWHWOHQD MpJFViNiQUDV]HUHOKHW ODSiW QHPNHOODQHOHWFLSHOQL LOOHWYHDGHDGPDQNpQWLVKDV]QiOKDWy YHU]Ly +yI UpV] LJOXpVKyEDUODQJNpV]tWpVpKH] 3DNROiV D KiWL]ViNED LGHiOLV D PLQpO PDJDVDEE KiWKR]QDNKR] N|]HOL V~OSRQW N|QQ GROJRN DOXO QHKi] GROJRN IHOO GH D SUDNWXNXV RNRN H]W NLFVLW PyGRVtWKDWMiN SO HO UHOiWKDWyODJKDPDUDEENHOODKiOy]ViNPLQWDMpJFVDYDURN IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF
KRJMHOHQGRNXPHQWXPKDYDVMHJHV QHP SHGLJ HV V N|UOPpQHNHW WpWHOH] IHO HV YDJQDJROYDGiVHVHWpQOHJE|OFVHEEOHYRQXOQLDKHJU O« 5XKi]DW 7pOLN|UOPpQHNQpOD]HJLNDODSYHW SUREOpPDKRJW~Ui]iVPiV]iVN|]EHQPHJL]]DGD] HPEHU pV PLNRU D PR]JiV DEEDPDUDG SLKHQpV H] D ´K W IRODGpN´ VRN HQHUJLiW YHV] HO D WHVWW OtJIRNR]RWWDNLK OpVpVDIDJiVYHV]pOH$PR]JiVKR]QHPNHOOPLQGHQQHNUDMWXQN OHQQLH /DYLQDJDQ~V WHUHSHQ W|UWpQ PR]JiV PiV KHO]HW 6]HUHQFVpUH PD PiU NDSKDWyN RODQDQJEyONpV]OWUXKiNPHOHNVHJtWLND]L]]DGViJJRUVHOYH]HWpVpWLOOHWYHYL]HVHQLV PHOHJHN (]HN D]RQEDQ FVDN D PHJIHOHO K PpUVpNOHWL pV SiUDYLV]RQRN N|]|WW GROJR]QDN RSWLPiOLVDQgOW|]N|GpVNRUDN|YHWNH] NHWWDUWVXNV]HPHO WW $ E UUH N|]YHWOHQO P DQDJ DODS~ DOi|OW|]HWHW YHJQN PHUW HQQHN OHJQDJREE D Yt]iWHUHV]W pVHJEHQOHJNLVHEEDYt]IHOV]tYyNpSHVVpJH 0LQLPDOL]iOMXN D] iWQHGYHVHGpVW 5XKi]DWXQNDW D] REMHNWtY
N|UOPpQHNKH] NpSHVW K PpUVpNOHW V]pO WHUHS PHUHGHNVpJH KyHVpV KyYDVWDJViJ QDSV]DN YiODVV]XN PHJ $ PHQHW N|]EHQL |OW|]pVYHWN ]pV JDNUDQ NLYiOWKDWy D UXKD iOOtWJDWiViYDO SO D NDEiWXMM V] NtW OD]tWiViYDO D ]LS]iUDN ]VHEHN ROGDO]LS]iU NDPiVOL NLQLWiViYDO +D PLQGHQNpSSHQ YHWN ]QL NHOO UpV]HVtWVN HO QEHQ D JRUVDQ PHQHW N|]EHQ IHO pV OHYHKHW UXKDGDUDERNDW VDSNDNDSXFQLNHV]W 6HEHVVpJQNHWLJD]tWVXND]REMHNWtYN|UOPpQHNKH] $QHGYHVUXKDIHOOHWHWV]pOHVHWpQD]RQQDOWDNDUMXNEH6]pOFVHQEHQV]pSHQSiURORJWDWHJ DOi|OW|]HWLSyOyGHDV]pOUiQNIDJDV]WKDWMD /HKHW OHJV]pOPHQWHVKHOHQiOOMXQNPHJSLQHQQLLQQL(OpJOHKHWHJKyEXFND V]pOiUQpNRVROGDOiUDK~]yGQL IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV $QDJ 3ROLpV]WHU 3ROLSURSLOpQ (O Q|N *RUVDQ V]iUDG .pQHOPHV .|QQ 1pKiQ WtSXV
QHGYHVHQ LV V]LJHWHO *RUVDQV]iUDG.|QQ 1ORQ (U V pV VWUDSDEtUy .|QQ 2OFVy 1pKiQ WtSXVV]pOpVNRSiViOOy 6SDQGH[ 1~MWKDWy *DSM~ 1HGYHVHQ LV V]LJHWHO YDODPHQQLW (OIRJDKDWy V]pO pV NRSiViOOyViJ 2OFVy -yO V]HOO ]LN -y PHOHJ 6]iUD]RQ LG EHQ NpQHOPHV2OFVy 3DPXW $UpWHJHV|OW|]N|GpV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ +iWUiQRN )HOKDV]QiOiV UiJD 1pKiQ WtSXV 3yOyN pV DOi|OW|]HWHN V]DJWDUWy PHOHJtW UpWHJHN IOHHFH QDGUiJRN SXOyYHUHN 6DSNiNNHV]W N]RNQLN UiJD .LVVp KRU]VRO 0LQWDSROLpV]WHU 6]DJWDUWy +D HOi]RWW ODVVDQ .DEiWRN V]pOiOOy V]iUDG UXKDGDUDERN NOV HJXMMDV IHG NHV]W N QHGYHVVpJ]iUy]RNQLN .HYpVEp VWUDSDEtUy 5XKiN WROGiVD D] /DVVDQV]iUDG t]OHWHNQpO /DVVDQ V]iUDG 1HKp] 0HOHJtW UpWHJHN .LVVpKRU]VRO SXOyYHU QDGUiJ 6DSNiN NHV]W N NOV ]RNQLN 6RN YL]HW V]tY IHO ÈOWDOiEDQ QHP 1HGYHVHQ QHP WDUWMD D KDV]QiOKDWy .LYpYH PHOHJHW 1DJRQ SyOyN My LG HVHWpQ ODVVDQV]iUDG QDSYpG NDODSRN NHQG
N $OVyWHVWUpWHJIHOV WHVWUpWHJQRUPiOWpOLN|UOPpQHNHVHWpQ Û& $OVyUpWHJ WKHUPRDOi|OW|]HW YpNRQUpWHJDE U|Q ]RNQLQDGUiJSRORSLOyWDVDSND NHV]W 0HJMDOVyQDGUiJEyOLVFpOV]HU WKHUPRDQDJ~WKDV]QiOQLKRJQHOHJHQDYHVpQNYL]HV ERURJDWiVEDQHJpV]QDS .OV UpWHJ Yt]]iUyV]pO]iUyGHSiUDiWHUHV]W YpNRQUpWHJ FLS QDGUiJNDEiWNDSXFQL NHV]W FVDSDGpNRVV]HOHVLG EHQKRUGMXN .|]EHQV UpWHJHN ]RNQL YDVWDJJDSM~ QDGUiJ UXJDOPDVWpUGHQpVIHQpNHQNRSiViOOy LQJ YKRVV]~XMM~SyOy HU VV]|YpV NRSiVYpG UpV]HNNHO VDSND SROiU NHV]W SROiU 0LQWROYDVViWRNHGGLJUpWHJHWYHWWQNIHOSONHV]W DOi|OW|]HWSROiUJW[ )HOV WHVWUHYHJQNPpJUpWHJQHNSROiUPHOOpQW ZLQGVWRSSHUHV H]IRODPDWRVDQUDMWXQN OHKHWpVWDUWDOpNQDN H]D]UpWHJ SROiUNDEiWRW7pOLPiV]iVQiONO|Q|VHQMpJPiV]iVQiO SUDNWLNXVDVWDQGEDQiOOGRJiOiVKR]DUXKiNWHWHMpEHHJSHKHONDEiWRWYLQQLpVJDSM~YDJ SHKHONHV]W WK~]QL H]HNE OHOHJHQG
SDUWLQNpQWHJ =RNQLDOi|OW|]HW $]DOi|OW|]HWV]HUHSHD]L]]DGViJHOYH]HWpVHDE UIHOV]tQpU O*iUWyFpJHNSO0RLUD&UDIW 6XE=HUR 6HQVRU +HOO +DQVHQ =RNQLNQiO V]LQWpQ YDQQDN LOHQ WXODMGRQViJJDO UHQGHONH] WHUPpNHN D NRPRODEE SpOGiQRN JDNUDQ W|EE NO|QE|] DQDJEyO YDQQDN |VV]HiOOtWYD PHOHJtW Yt]HOYH]HW HU VtWHWWQ~Oy IHOOHWHNE O D] HPEHUL OiE DQDWyPLiMiQDN PHJIHOHO HQ SO %ULGJHGDOH =RNQLEyO JDNUDQ HJ YpNRQ PDMG HJ YDVWDJ ]RNQLW YLVHO D] HPEHU IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ %DNDQFVRW LV NpW ]RNQLYDO NHOO SUyEiOQL $ OiE NLG|U]V|O G|WW UpV]HLW V]RNiV OHXNRSODVWWDO OHUDJDV]WDQL ILJHOHPDOHXNRSODVWPLQGNpWROGDODWDSDG NO|Q|VHQKDiWi]RWW ±YLJi]]XQN D]RNQLUDDUDJDFVRVV]DODJN|QQHQPHJNRSDV]WKDWMD 1DGUiJ 6]LQWpQ FpOV]HU KD OpOHJ] DQDJEyO
YDQ $] DQDJiQDN HU VQHN NHOO OHQQLH KRJ HJ NLFV~V]iVW NLEtUMRQ QHP EDM KD PHJ YDQQDN HU VtWYH D FV~V]iVRN iOWDO KDV]QiOW UpV]HL SO IHQHNH *RQGROQL NHOO D] HPEHUL PLQGHQQDSRV V]NVpJOHWHN NLHOpJtWpVpUH LV +iJyYDV MpJFViNiQKDV]QiODWVRUiQILJHOMQNRGDPHUWN|QQHQVpUOKHWDQDGUiJ 3ROiU|OW|]HWHN .RUXQN JDSM~MD $ SROiU |OW|]HWHN HJLN OHJMREE WXODMGRQViJD KRJ QHGYHVHQ LV WDUWMiN D PHOHJHW .|QQ HN MyO V]HOO ]QHN /pWH]LN QDGUiJ NDEiW VDSND NHV]W ViO 5HQGNtYO KDV]QRVDN .O|QIpOH YDVWDJViJEDQ V]iOV U VpJEHQ OpWH]QHN DV VNiOiQ V]RNWiN MHO|OQL /pWH]LN ZLQGVWRSSHUHV YiOWR]DWXN LV 1HP V]tYMD PDJiED D YL]HW 0RViVXNQiO V]HPFVpV PRVyV]HUW pV |EOtW W WLORV KDV]QiOQL PHUW HOW|PtWL D] UHJHV V]iODNDW $ ZLQGVWRSSHUHV PRViViKR] VSHFLiOLV V]HU NHOO $ SROiU pV D JDSM~ FV|YHV V]HUNH]HW V]iODV DQDJRNPHOHNDFV EHQOpY ]iUWQHPPR]JyOHYHJ PLDWWV]LJHWHOQHNMyO
3HKHOUXKiN $SHKHO|OW|]HWHNHO QHKRJUHQGNtYOPHOHJMyOV]LJHWHO$SHKHON|]|WWÄEHQWUHNHG´D OHYHJ DPL V]LJHWHO +iWUiQD KRJ YL]HVHQ |VV]HHVLN pV QHGYV]tYy 9L]HVHQ UHQGNtYO QHKp]]p YiOKDW 9LV]RQODJ VRN KHOHW IRJODO $ SHKHO NpSHV HOFV~V]QL H]pUW pUGHPHV PHJQp]QL D] HJHV UHNHV]HN HOUHQGH]pVpW pV D] D]RN N|]|WWL YDUUiVW $ SHKHO XWiQW|OWpVH OHKHWVpJHV ([WUpP KLGHJEHQ pV QDJ PDJDVViJRNEDQ QpONO|]KHWHWOHQ ) OHJ NDEiWRN pV KiOy]ViNRN NpV]OQHN EHO OH /pWH]LN V]LQWHWLNXV ÄSHKHO´ H] QHGYHVHQ LV PHOHJ YLV]RQW QHKH]HEE %DNDQFVNDPiVOL $KHJPiV]iVVRUiQHU VHEENLYLWHO EDNDQFVRNDWpUGHPHVKDV]QiOQLD]iOWDOiQRVDNQiOWHKiW D V]|YHW NHYOiU EHV]|YpVHNQpO MREE D E U .DWHJyULiN PHOHNU O tURN WUHNNLQJ QiUL DOSHVLWHOLDOSHVL $WDOSWHNLQWHWpEHQPHJPLQGLJD9,%5$0PiUNDQHY DOHJHOLVPHUWHEE$FLS JiUWyNW|EE HVHWEHQ LV NLKR]]DN D FLS W D VDMiW WDOSXNNDO pV D 9,%5$0 WDOSSDO LV H]
XWyEEL HVHWEHQ GUiJiEE NE H)WDO D FLS 7HKiW HJ WUHNNLQJ FLS HVHWpEHQ VHP PLQGHJ KRJ PLOHQ D WDOSD6]LNOiQWDSDGMRQYL]HVHQQHFV~VV]RQKDYRQLVOHKHVVHQKDV]QiOQL$FLS YiViUOiVHO WW pUGHPHV ]RNQL YiViUOiViYDO NH]GHQL (J ]RNQLW MDYDVORN D FLS EH K~]QL PHO NRPELQiOW V]|YpV QDJRQ YDVWDJ %HOV ROGDOUyO NLV]RUtWMD D QHGYHVVpJHW D NOV JDSM~ UpV]HNEH 1iURQ PHOHJHEE KHOHNUH OHKHW NDSQL QHP PHOHJ GH YDVWDJ My WpUNLW|OW ]RNQLNDW 7HOL KDV]QiODWUD KLGHJEHQ QHKp] V]LNOD XWDNKR] LV OHKHW V]LPSOD PiV]y EDNDQFVRW KDV]QiOQL GH NpW YDVWDJ ]RNQLYDO ÈOWDOiEDQ D *RUH7H[ FLS N MREEDQ V]HOO ]WHWLN D OiEDW GH QHP FVRGDV]HUHN eUGHPHV D FLS iSROiViW D EDNDQFVKR] NDSRWW WiMpNR]WDWy V]HULQW YpJH]QL 3O HOHJHQG pYHQWH LOO QDJREE LJpQEHYpWHO XWiQ HJV]HU iSROQL GH HQQHN H)W D] iUD IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW
6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ 7UHNNLQJ 1iURQ PLJ WpOHQ KDYDV VpWiUD KDV]QiOMXN 3XKD D IHOV UpV]H KDMOpNRQ D WDOSD KiJyYDVDWQHPDMiQORWWUiN|W|]QL DPDG]DJHOV]RUtWMDDOiEYpUNHULQJpVpW 0DJDVV]iU~FLS OHKHW OHJ JXPL YpGL D FLS IHOV UpV] ROGDOiW N|UEH %HV]iOOiVRNKR] PRUpQD OHMW N|Q QDJ KiWL]ViN HVHWpQ QDJRQ MyN $] XQ $%& NDWHJyULiV EHVRUROiV HVHWpQ pUGHPHV D %&W YiODV]WDQLH]HNDOHJGUiJiEEOHJHU VHEEWUHNNLQJFLS N 1iULDOSHVL 1iULW~UiLQNVRUiQPLJKDV]QiOMXN7HOMHVHQPHUHYWDOS~ DFpOEHWpWHV E UEDNDQFV$E UYDVWDJViJDPPOHKHW OHJPDUKDE U.LIRUGtWRWWE UWV]LNOiVDEE QHP OiWV]LNDNDUFROiV IpQHVE UWKDYDVDEE QHKH]HEEHQi]LNiW KHOHNHQKDV]QiOXQN$E U IHOV UpV]LVPHUHYHOYLVHOLDKiJyYDVKHYHGHUWDOiEHOV]RUtWiVQpONO(QQHNHOOHQpUHD]HO O NRVDUDVUHQGV]HU KiWXOSDWWLQWyVYDJN|W|]
VKiJyYDVDWMDYDVORP$PHUHYWDOSVHJtWLD KDYRQJOHFFVHUHQDJDORJOiVWDEHV]iOOiVRNPHJN|]HOtWpVpW OpSpVU~JiV 0iV]QLLVMyOOHKHW EHQQH6DMQRVH]HNDEDNDQFVRNH)WIHOHWWYDQQDNGHW|EEWDOSDWLVHOOHKHWKRUGDQLUDMWXN 0DPiUDUDJDV]WRWWpVDYDUURWWWDOSDNN|]|WWFVHUpOKHW VpJV]HPSRQWMiEyOQLQFVNO|QEVpJ$ OpQHJKRJPDUDGMRQDQDJD]~MWDOSIHOUDJDV]WiViKR]$%&NDWHJyULiVEHVRUROiVHVHWpQ pUGHPHVDWYiODV]WDQLH]HNDOHJGUiJiEEDNOHJHU VHEEHN 7HOLDOSHVL 7HOLW~UiLQNVRUiQPLJKDV]QiOMXN7HOMHVHQPHUHYWDOS~iOW0 DQDJGXSODEDNDQFV 9DQEHOV FLS MHiOWWH[WLOMHOOHJ DJRUVDEEV]iUDGiVpUGHNpEHQ$FLS IHOV UpV]QpOD]RUU NLNpS]pVpEHQOHKHWNO|QEVpJDONDOPDVHVtN|WpVU|J]tWpVpUH"$FLS V]iUiQiODODSHVHWHW OHKHWPHJNO|QE|]WHWQL I ] V±PiV]yEDNDQFVFVDWRVVtW~UDEDNDQFVU|YLGV]iUUDOFVDWRV VtW~UDEDNDQFVKRVV]~V]iUUDO$FVDWRVVtW~UDEDNDQFVKRVV]~V]iUUDO XJDQPpJOHKHWEHQQH
JDORJROQLGHLQNiEEFVDNVtHOQL$VtW~UDEDNDQFVMHOOHP] MHDOpSHJHW MiUyiWiOOtWiV OHKHW VpJHDPLNRUDEDNDQFVV]iUDQLQFVU|J]tWYHKDMOLN$U|YLGV]iU~FVDWRVVtW~UDEDNDQFV DONDOPDVVtW~Ui]iVUDpVPiV]iVUDHJDUiQW1HKH]HEEPiV]iVRNKR]MREEDKDMOpNRQDEEI ] V P DQDJEDNDQFVDPpJQHKH]HEEHNKH]QiULEDNDQFVpVHOOHKHWMXWQLDWpOHQKDV]QiOW PiV]yFLS LJ 0 DQDJ EDNDQFV QHP NHOO NDUEDQWDUWDQL WHOMHVHQ Yt]iOOy Yt] VH NL VH EH D EHOV FLS NLYHKHW pV D KiOy]ViNEDQ V]iUtWKDWy D ERND PR]JpNRQViJiW PHJOHKHW VHQ NRUOiWR]]D IUDQFLD WHFKQLNiW EDMRV DONDOPD]QL PiU N|]HSHVHQ PHUHGHN OHMW Q LV JRUVFVDWRV KiJyYDV UiPHJ H]DOHJPHOHJHEEEDNDQFV9iViUOiVNRUJ ] GMQNPHJUyODKRJDEDNDQFVDWHOMHV PDJDVViJiLJYt]iOOy DQHOYPHOOHWWpVDERNDIRUJyQiOQHPWXGHYt]EHV]LYiURJQL % UEDNDQFV YD[ROQLNHOOLOOHWYHDJiUWyiOWDODMiQORWWV]HUUHONH]HOQL KDiWi]LNQHKp]OHV] KRVV]~ D V]iUDGiVL LGHMH D ERNiW QHP NRUOiWR]]D DQQLUD
PLQW D P DQDJ EDNDQFV QHKp] WHFKQLNiV MpJPL[ PiV]iVRNQiO H] QDJRQ IRQWRV HVHWOHJ QHP PLQGHQ KiJyYDV PHJ Ui +LGHJEHQ DOYiV HVHWpQ W|EE YHOH D JRQG YDJ PDUDG D KiOy]ViNRQ NtYO HNNRU N|QQHQ PHJIDJpVPHOHJtWHQLNHOOLQGXOiVHO WWDPLLG EHWHOLN YDJEHUDNMXNDKiOy]ViNEDHNNRU YLV]RQWEHOHROYDGDKiOy]ViNEDDPLV]LQWpQSUREOpPD QORQ]ViN .DPiVOL 7pUGDODWWNH]G GM|QWDNDUMDDEDNDQFVQHOYpWpVDFLS I ] W(JUpV]WNLQWWDUWMDD KDYDW PiVUpV]W YpGL D QDGUiJRW pV D EDNDQFVRW D KiJyYDVVpUOpVHNW O +D QHP V]HOO ] DQDJEyONpV]ON|QQHQDOiIOOHGKHWDOiE$IHOV V]iUDWOHKHVVHQ|VV]HK~]QLpVD]WYDODPL SDWHQWNDSRFVYDJJXPLVHJtWVpJpYHOEL]WRVtWDQL $]LS]iUPDJiEDQV]pWFV~V]LN 3UDNWLNXV D]HO|O VtSFVRQWPHQWpQ ]LS]iUDVID]RQ$]DOVyJXPLV]RURVDQ|OHOMHiWDERNiWNO|QEHQ QDJKyEDQOHPHQHWN|]EHQDOiWUHPNHGKHWDKy IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW
6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV .DEiW tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ .pWI WtSXViWKDV]QiOMXNWpOHQD]HJLNDSHKHONDEiWDPiVLNDP DQDJ JRUHWH[KHOR[ DTXDWH[ NDEiWRN $ SHKHO WXODMGRQViJDLW OiVG IHOMHEE $ NDEiWQDN NL NHOO EtUQLD HJ NLFV~V]iVWtJYLV]RQODJHU VHEEDQDJEyONHOOOHQQLHMyKDPHJYDQHU VtWYHDYiOODNDUMD $NDEiW]VHEHLWpViOOtWyUpV]HLWNHV]W EHQLVMyONHOOWXGQLNH]HOQL+yQDOM]LS]iUEL]WRVtWHJ PLQLPiOLVV]HOO ]pVW YDODPLYHOW|EEHWPLQWDPLWD]DQDJWXG -pJPiV]iVKR]Yt]iOOyNDEiW V]NVpJHV .HUOMN D YDVWDJ QHKp] NDEiWRNDW $ NDSXFQL iOOtWKDWyViJiUD ILJHOMQN (J WHFKQLNDL NDEiW KDV]QRV WXODMGRQViJDL DOXOUyO LV QLWKDWy ]LS]iU D EHO HOHMpW V]DEDGRQ KDJMD OHYHKHW YDJ EHFVRPDJROKDWy NDSXFQL ]LS]iUDV IHONDUV]HOO ] D NDEiW DOMiQ EHK~]y JXPL QLQFV DOVy ]VHE D KiWL]ViN GHUpNKHYHGHUH ~JLV OHWDNDUMD NDEiWXMMV] NtW K YLVV]DWNU|]
UpWHJPHJHU VtWHWWYiOOpVDONDU KiWL]ViNPiV]iV 6iOVDSNDNHV]W $ NODVV]LNXV ViO N|QQHQ EHDNDG ]DYDUy OHKHW D PR]JiVEDQ $ ViO OHOyJy UpV]pW WHFKQLNDL WHUHSHQ PLQGLJW UMNYDODPLDOieUGHPHVSROiU ViODW KDV]QiOQL /pWH]LN RUURWV]iMDWQDNDW OHIHG WpS ]iUDVJDOOpUViO $] HPEHU D IHMpQ NHUHV]WO UHQGNtYO VRN K W DG OH tJ D VDSND YDJ IOYpG KDV]QiODWD OpWIRQWRVViJ~OHKHW/HJKDPDUDEEDIOIDJOH PHJD]RUU eUGHPHVZLQGVWRSSHUHVVDSNiNDW KDV]QiOQL $ VDSND YpGMH IOHW pV D WDUNyW HJDUiQW /HJHQ iOOtWKDWy DOVy SiQW PHO PHJDNDGiOR]]D D VDSND OHHVpVpW QDJ V]pOEHQ $] HJpV] DUFRW YpGL D EDODFODYD QLQG]VDPDV]N .HV]W D]ÄPHOE OVRKDVHPHOpJ´7|EESiUV]NVpJHV IHOPHQHWLOHPHQHWLPiV]y NOV pVDOi|OW|]HW ÈOWDOiQRVWpOLKDV]QiODWUDXMMDVSROiUEHOV NHV]W W OHKHWZLQGVWRSSHUHV pV UiYHKHW} NOV NHV]W W KDV]QiOXQN $ NOV} NHV]W~ IHODGDWD D V]pOKy HOOHQL YpGHOHP HJ HU VHEE
YpG UpWHJJHOPHO DPHFKDQLNDLLJpQEHYpWHOHNQHNLVMyOHOOHQiOO $ NOV NHV]W Yt]OHSHUJHW V]HOO ] V U V]|YpV DQDJEyO NpV]OM|Q $ OHJMREEDN D NHYOiUDUDPLG V]iONRPELQiFLyYDONpV]tWHWWHN ÄHU VHEED]DFpOQiO´ $NOV NHV]W OHKHWNpWKiURPYDJ |WXMMDV /HJHQ KRVV]~ V]iUD PHO UiK~]KDWy D NDEiW XMMiUD pV |VV]HK~]KDWy ~J KRJ D KyEyO NLK~]YD NDUXQNDW QH PHQMHQ Ky D NHV]W EH (]W D] |VV]HK~]yW HJ Np]]HO OHKHVVHQ NH]HOQL$NOV NHV]W U|J]tWKHW OHJHQ]VLQyUUDODFVXNOyUDKRJOHYpWHOXWiQQHHVVHQOH $NOV pVEHOV NHV]W NO|QJRUVDEEDQV]iUDG 6]LNODXWDNQiO FpUQD E U YDJ QHRSUpQ NHV]W W KDV]QiOKDWXQN PHO ~W HUHMpLJ KDV]QiOKDWy &VXNOyKHYHGHUHV MpJPiV]iVKR] MyO KDV]QiOKDWy D JDSM~NHV]W -pJPiV]iVKR] NLYiOy WRYiEEi D QHRSUpQ MpJPiV]y NHV]W NHYOiU HU VtWpVHNNHO E~YiUEROWEDQ OHKHW YHQQL ROFVyEEDQ GH NHYpVEp My Y PPHV QHRSUpQ NHV]W W *DNUDQ NpWKiURP NHV]W W KDV]QiOXQN
HJ NOV W PHO YpG KyWyO Yt]W O V]pOW O pV EHOV W PHO D PHOHJHW EL]WRVtWMD 8MMDNV]HPSRQWMiEyODNpWXMMDVDOHJPHOHJHEEYLV]RQWQHKp]YHOHGROJR]QLD]|WXMMDVYLV]RQW VRNNDOKLGHJHEEN|]WHVPHJROGiVDKiURPXMMDVNHV]W LWWKRQULWNiQNDSKDWy 0HJMHJ]pV LG YHOPLQGHQNHV]W iWi]LN 6]HPYHJ 7|EEIDMWDV]HPYHJOpWH]LN0LQGHJLNQHNRVVDQNHOOV] UQLD]89IpQWpVOHJDOiEE RVDQ D] ,5W 0LQpO PDJDVDEEUD PHJQN DQQiO IRQWRVDEE D V] UpV PpUWpNH 89 ,5 OiWKDWy HJDUiQW ËJ D OHQFVpNHW NO|QIpOH NDWHJyULiNED VRUROMiN $ PDJDVKHJHNEHQ KDV]QiODWRV V]HPYHJ QHP DONDOPDV DXWyYH]HWpVUH $ V]HPYHJQHN YpGHQL NHOO D] ROGDOUyO M|Y IpQQHO V]HPEHQ LV $ V]HPYHJKH] WDUWy]LN VRNV]RU RUUYpG LV PHO D] RUU OHpJpVpW JiWROMD PHJ ( NpW XWyEEL NLHJpV]tW W OHKHW OHXNRSODVWEyO LV U|JW|Q|]QL $ V]HPYHJHW IHOK NEHQ N|GEHQ LV NHOO KRUGDQL KLV]HQ D] 89 iWKDWRO D N|GUpWHJHQ $ V]HPYHJQHN MyO
IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ NHOOLOOHV]NHGQLHDIHMUHGHHJPLQLPiOLVV]HOO ]pVQHNNHOOOHQQLHKRJQHSiURVRGMRQEH 6]HPYHJHVHN KDV]QiOKDWQDN NRQWDNWOHQFVpW DODFVRQDEE PDJDVViJRNEDQ FVLSWHW V OHQFVpNHWGHNpV]tWWHWKHWQNGLRSWULiVJOHFFVHUV]HPYHJHWLV hYHJYHUVXVP DQDJOHQFVH $]YHJDQDJiEyODGyGyDQV] ULD]89IpQWH]pUWH]EL]WRVYpGHOPHWQ~MW SHUV]HIJJD] 89 LQWHQ]LWiVWyO pV D] YHJYDVWDJViJiWyO GH MREEDQ NHOO YLJi]QL Ui N|QQHEEHQ W|ULN pV HNNRUQDJREEVpUOpVWRNR]UiJiEE $WHOMHVHQ]iUWV]HPYHJHNKDV]QiODWDQDJHUHM V]pOHVHWpQMDYDOORWW )HOV]HUHOpV )HOV]HUHOpVOLVWD SpOGD 0LQGHQKRYD D ÄWt] IRQWRV YLQQLYDOy´ WpUNpS LUiQW QDSV]HPYHJQDSNUpP WDUWDOpN pWHO WDUWDOpNHOHPWDUWDOpNUXKDHOHPOiPSDHOV VHJpONpV]OHWW ]J~MWyI ] OiEDVNpV$W~UD
IJJYpQpEHQQpKiQDWRWWKRQOHKHWKDJQL 5XKi]DW %DNDQFVNOV EHOV ]RNQLSyOyDOVyQDGUiJDOi|OW|]HW DOVyIHOV PHOHJtW UpWHJ SXOyYHUQDGUiJ Yt]iOOyNDEiWQDGUiJPHOHJVDSNDQDSYpG VDSNDNHV]W NNDPiVOL )HOV]HUHOpV W|EE QDSUD KiWL]ViN KiOy]ViN NRPSUHVV]LyV WRNNDO GHUpNDOM L]ROtU ViWRU pWHO WHUPRV]IHOV]HUHOpVNDUEDQWDUWyNpV]OHWI ] pVpWNH] HV]N|]|NyUDPDJDVViJPpU 7pOLpVJOHFFVHUIHOV]HUHOpV MpJFViNiQKiJyYDVNDUDELQHUHNEHO SUXV]LNRNIODVFKHQ]XJ NpV]OHW N|WpO KyODSiW KyI UpV] HOV VHJpOFVRPDJ SLHSV W~UDERW KyWDOS YDJ Vt WDUWDOpN UXKi]DW PLQLPXPNHV]W pV]RNQL NDPiVOL +iJyYDV $ KiJyYDV DQDJD IRJDLQDN V]iPD pV iOOiVD DODSMiQ PHJNO|QE|]WHWKHWQN N|QQ WHUHSUH YDJMpJ HVHWOHJPL[ PiV]iVUDWHUYH]HWWHV]N|]|NHW $] DOXPLQLXPERO LOOHWYH WLWiQEyO NpV]OW KiJyYDVDN D] DODSDQDJQDN N|V]|QKHW HQ N|QQ HNJOHFFVHUMiUiVKR]KypVILUQOHMW NOHN]GpVpKH]MyNtJH]HNHWHOV VRUEDQQiURQ
YDJVtW~UiNRQKDV]QiOMXN SO6WXEDL8OWUDOLJKW6DOHZD7LWDQ8OWUD*ULYHO/&DPS/& $ NRPELQiOW WHUHS pV WHFKQLNDL PiV]iVRN iOWDO WiPDV]WRWW N|YHWHOPpQHNQHN YLV]RQW PiU FVDN D] DFpO pV QLNNHO NUyPPROLEGpP 1L &U0R |WY|]HWE O NpV]OW KiJyYDVDN IHOHOQHNPHJ $Wt]IRJ~YDVJOHFFVHUMiUiVKR]pVN|QQHEEKHJLW~UiNKR]LGHiOLV SO&KDUOHW0RVHU(FULQV 3HW]O &KDUOHW ,UYLV %ODFN LDPRQG &RQWDFW *ULYHO (O QH KRJ D IURQWIRJDN XWiQ NLVVp KiWUpEE KHOH]NHGLN HO D PiVRGLN IRJSiU tJ Yt]V]LQWHV V]LNODSHUHPHN PHJOpSpVHNRU NHYpVEpYHV]LLJpQEHDYiGOLW0HUHGHNMpJHQPHU OHJHVU~JiVQiOYLV]RQWDPiVRGLNIRJSiU PiUQHPpULHODMHJHWHNNRUMREEDQIiUDV]W $ WL]HQNpW IRJ~ KiJyYDVDN WHFKQLNDL WHUHSUH YDOyN $ PiVRGLN IRJSiU WiPDV]WyIRJDN HOKHOH]NHGpVHV]HULQWNpWWtSXVOpWH]LN DI OHJMpJPiV]iVKR]WHUYH]HWWÄDJUHVV]tY´HO UHiOOy WiPDV]WyIRJ~ SO &0 %ODFN ,FH $XVWUL$OSLQ 7URO 3 &DPS
,FH 5LGHU pV D NRPELQiOW PiV]iVRNKR] HO Q|VHEE ÄOHIHOH´ iOOy PiVRGLN IRJ~ &0 6XSHU 3& 9DVDN &DPS ,FH 7UHN (]XWyEELDNHOV IRJDLJDNUDQOHIHOHtYHOWHNKRJV]LNOiQMREEDQWiPDV]NRMDQDN $IJJ OHJHVHOV IRJ~KiJyYDVDNNRPROWHFKQLNDLMpJpVPL[PiV]iVUDYDOyN *ULYHO &0 0 3& DUW *ULYHO 5DPER /pWH]LN HJIRJ~ PRQRSRLQW NLYLWHO D IRJDN V]iPD IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ JDNUDQ NRQILJXUiOKDWy $ KiWVy pV ROGDOVy DONDOPDVLQW D WDOS DODWWL IRJDN NLDODNtWiVD LV D MpJPiV]iVKR]LJD]RGLN QHPDNNRUiNPLQWHJKDYRQKDV]QiOWYDVHVHWpQYLV]RQWWHOLWDOSSDO LVPHJOHKHWOpSQLHJMpJJRPEiW ÄKiWUDQp] ´IRJDN /pWH]LNDIJJ OHJHVpVYt]V]LQWHVHOV IRJ~ YDVDN HO QHLW |WY|] Ä7´ IRJSURILO~ PHJROGiV 3& 6DUNHQ $] H[WUpP KiJyYDVDNQiO
JDNUDQOHJKiWXOLVYDQIRJ VDURNWVNHÄVDUNDQW~´ $PpJH[WUpPHEEYiOWR]DWRWHJHQHVHQ DEDNDQFVUDFVDYDUR]]iN 0HUHYVpJ V]HPSRQWMiEyO WtSXVW NO|QE|]WHWQN PHJ D WHOMHVHQ PHUHY pV D IpOPHUHY KiJyYDVDW$WHOMHVHQPHUHYP DQDJpVHJpEWHOMHVHQPHUHYWDOS~EDNDQFVRNKR]LGHiOLVMyO WDUWMD D OiEDW $ PHUHY KiJyYDV NpQHOPHWOHQ W~Ui]iVRNKR] pV Ky LV N|QQHEEHQ EHOHUDJDG PHOQ|YHOLDNLFV~V]iVYHV]pOpW$IJJ OHJHVNHUHW YDVEDMREEDQUDJDGDKy6]iOOtWiVNRU IRQWRVV]HPSRQWD]|VV]HFVXNKDWyViJ .|W|]pVV]HPSRQWMiEyOI WtSXVOpWH]LN$I ] VHO QHKRJPDMGQHPPLQGHQEDNDQFVUD UiUDNKDWyKiWUiQDKRJDOHpVIHOYpWHOVRNiLJWDUW DKHYHGHUHNHOV]RUtWMiNDYpUNHULQJpVW $OWHUQDWtYDDP DQDJNRVDUDVU|J]tWpV $ PiVLN QDJ FVRSRUW D JRUVFVDWRV ± FVDN PHJIHOHO EDNDQFVUD OHKHW UiUDNQL 1DJRQ KDV]QRV D] DQWLVQRZ JXPL PHO D Ky EHWDSDGiViW JiWROMD PHJ 6DMQRV QHP PLQGHJLN WtSXVKR]OHKHWNDSQL $ KiJyYDVDN N|]|WW NHOO PpJ
PHJHPOtWHQL D QpJ YDJ KDWIRJ~ VDURN DOi V]HUHOKHW FV~V]iVJiWOyW EHFHQHYpQÄPDFVNL´SO &DPS 4XDWWUR $$ 3RZHU*ULS pV HJpE V]|UQHNHW SODIURQWIRJQpONOL$$(DV PHOHNHWQHPKHJLN|UOPpQHNUHWHUYH]WHN -pJFViNiQ $MpJFViNiQD]HV]N|]DPLWOHJW|EEHWKDV]QiOXQNDONDOPDVNLFV~V]iVRNPHJiOOtWiViUDQHKp] MpJXWDN OHN]GpVpUH LOOHWYH EL]WRVtWiVUD 7|EEIpOH DQDJEyO NpV]tWLN DWWyO IJJ HQ KRJ PLOHQWHUHSUHV]iQMiNI WtSXViWNO|QE|]WHWMNPHJ MpJFViNiQpVWHFKQLNDLMpJV]HUV]iP PLQGNHWW E OW|EEIDMWDYDQDKDV]QiODWLFpOQDNPHJIHOHO HQ7~UDWHFKQLNDLVtW~UDWDUWDOpN $W~UDFViNiQRNQiOIRQWRVKRJVWDQGpStWpVKH]LVKDV]QiOMXNYDJFVDNVpWiUD $FViNiQQDNYDQNDSDUpV]HPHOMyOKDV]QiOKDWyOpSpViOOiVKHOSLKHQ KHONpV]tWpVpUH $ IHMV]pQHN NDODSiFVIHMH YDQ PHOOHO V]|JHOKHWQN $ FViNiQQDN pV IHMV]pQHN YDQ FV UH QHOHpVDQpOOHJW|EEV]|UWVNpEHQYpJ] GLN -pJFViNiQ 7~Ui]iVUD LOOHWYH N|QQHEEQHKH]HEE PiV]iVRNUD
KDV]QiOMXN $ QpOQHN OHJDOiEE N1 WHUKHOpVW HO NHOO EtUQLD KRJ VWDQGRN pStWpVpUH DONDOPDV OHJHQ )pNH]pVUH NLIHMH]HWWHQ DONDOPDV +RVV]D FPW O NH]G GLN $ JXPtUR]RWW QpO MREE IRJiVW Q~MW GH LG YHONRSLNpVNHPpQKyEDQHKH]HEEOHV]~UQL 7HFKQLNDLMpJV]HUV]iP .O|QE|] WtSXV~pVQHKp]VpJ MpJUHYDJPL[WHUHSUHKDV]QiOMXN 6SHFLiOLVDODNMDYDQiOWDOiEDQFVXNOyKHYHGHUUHOUHQGHONH]LN.EFPKRVV]~eUGHPHVHJ IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ NLVUHV]HO WpVIHQ N|YHWWDUWDQLDNDUEDQWDUWiVYpJHWW$]DOSHVLMpJUHWHUYH]HWWWtSXVRN N|QQHEEHNNHYpVEpPRGXOiULVDNPLQWDYt]MpJUHYDOyWiUVDLN &VXNOyKHYHGHU YDJ D FViNiQ HJpE PyGRQ PDJXQNKR] N|W|]pVH HO WW pUGHPHV PHJIRQWROQXQN YDMRQEL]WRQViJRVDEEHtJ" .LFV~V]iV OHKHW VpJpQHN HVHWpQ PLQGLJ DNNRUD NRQWUROOXQN NHOO OHJHQ
HV]N|] I|O|WW KRJ D]RQQDO IpNH]KHVVQN YHOH tJ H]HQ HOY V]HULQW I|O|VOHJHVDFVXNOyKHYHGHU$PiVLNYpJOHWDPDJXQNKR]N|W|]|WWNRQWUROOiODWODQMpJFViNiQ FVDSNRGiVD FV~V]iV N|]EHQ eUYHN pV HOOHQpUYHN FVDWiMiQDN YpJH PLQGHQNpSSHQ D VDMiW G|QWpVQNOHV] -pJFViNiQ W~Ui]iVN|QQ NRPELQiOWWHUHS &VXNOyKHYHGHUYDJKR]]iQNN|WYH %iUPLNRU HOHQJHGKHWMN KD PLQGNpW Np]]HO V]LNOiWNHOOIRJQL 1HPYHV]WKHWMNHO -pJV]HUV]iP WHFKQLNDLMpJQHKp]PL[ &VXNOyKHYHGHU .HYpVEpNHOOV]RUtWDQLDPDUNRODWRW 1HPYHV]WKHWMNHO 3XV]WDNp]EHQ 1DJREE PR]JiVL V]DEDGViJ SO HPHONHG Q FLNNFDNNEDQKDODGYDN|QQHEENH]HWYiOWDQL .RQWUROOiODWODQNLFV~V]iVNRUQHPiOOEHOpQN 3XV]WDNp]EHQ 1DJREEPR]JiVLV]DEDGViJ SONpWNp]HJ V]HUV]iPRQpVHJpEWUNN|VILJXUiN (VpVNRUQHPiOOEHOpQNLOOHWYHDIDOEDDNDGYD QHPUiQWMDPHJDNDUWYiOODW 7UDYHU]EHQ IHOHDQQL OHQGtWpV Np]FVHUpV PHJROGiV .|]WHVUDNiVNRUQHP]DYDUDFVXNOyKHYHGHU %L]WRVtWyHV]N|]|NN|]WHVHN
7|UHNHGMQN DUUD KRJ D OHKHW OHJNHYHVHEE IHOV]HUHOpVW FLSHOMN PDJXQNNDO 5pV]HVtWVN HO QEHQ D] XQLYHU]iOLV HV]N|]|NHW 3O HJ JOHFFVHUU O LQGXOy V]LNOD~WED YLKHWQN HUHV]HG HV]N|]W HUHV]NHGQL YLVV]DIXWiVJiWOyFVLJiW IODVFKHQ]XJED GHDNpWHV]N|]KHOHWWHOHJHQG HJ5HYHUVR 6SHFLiOLVEL]WRVtWyHV]N|]|N KyF|YHNGHDGPDQ NLVWHVWYpUHDGHDGER MpJFVDYDU VSHFLiOLV YiOWR]DWDLDQDJPHQHWHPHONHGpV ILUQFVDYDUSO&DPS9HUWLJHDEHW VNLWHNHU V6QDUJpV DGXJyK~]yDODN I FVDYDU $NLVHEEiUPpU M N|WpOJ U NN|QQHEEHQPHJIDJQDN IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF 7)7RYiEENpS] ,QWp]HW 6HPPHOZHLV(JHWHP7HVWQHYHOpVLpV6SRUWWXGRPiQL.DU +HJPiV]yVSRUWRNWDWyVSRUWHG] NpS]pV 3DUWLIHOV]HUHOpVNO|QE|] W~UiNHVHWpQ tUWD 7yWK(UYLQ *OHFFVHUW~UD JOHFFVHUN|WpO PP HOpJ HJ IpON|WpO IODVFKHQ]XJSUXV]LNNpV]OHWHNKyV]RQGD WiQpUQpONOLW~UDERW KyEL]WRVtWy HV]N|]|N -pJPiV]iV MpJFVDYDU H[SUHVV]HN
KHYHGHUHN MpJSLV]ND $EDODNRYJ U N VWDQGJ U NMpJV]HUV]iPRN WDUWDOpNMpJV]HUV]iP IpOYDJLNHUN|WpO .RPELQiOWWHUHS PLQWDMpJPiV]iVQiONLYpYH iOWDOiEDQHOpJMpJFVDYDU NHOOHQHNWRYiEEi V]|JHN NO|Q|VHQMyOKDV]QiOKDWyNWpOHQDSURILOV]|JHN 8HV=DODN V]LNODPiV]yN|]WHVHN eOHWPHQW HV]N|]|NHOV VHJpO 3LHSVPRELOWHOHIRQIHMOiPSDW~OpO IyOLDODSiWNp]PHOHJtW K DNNXEHWDGLQHN|WV]HUWHD ELYDNpVI ] IHOV]HUHOpVWHUPRV]VLVDN$VLVDNEDQDV]tMD]DWpVDWHW N|]|WWHOIpUDW~OpO IyOLDDPLQLPiOLVHOV VHJpONpV]OHW (JpE 6tOpF IRQWRV LVPHUQL D N|WpVW 7XGQXQN NHOO KRJDQ HVKHWQN EL]WRQViJRVDQ PHUW QpKiQ W~UDN|WpV QHP ROG PLQGHQ LUiQEDQ +RVV]~ KHJPHQHWEHQ HOHQJHGKHWHWOHQ D ERNDHPHO /HKHW OHJ HJ EDNDQFVRW KDV]QiOMXQN PiV]iVKR] pV VtHOpVKH] QH NHOOMHQ NpW SiUDW FLSHOQL .LHJpV]tW IHOV]HUHOpVDW~UDOpFKH] IyNDILUQYDV
7~UDERW DWHOHV]NySRVPRGHOODMiQORWW$WHOHV]NySRVERWRWV]iUtWDQLNHOOPHUWDFVDYDURNQDN QHP WHV] MyW D Yt] 9LJi]XQN KRJ OHVLNOiV N|]EHQ QHKRJ D VtOpFFHO HOYiJMXN D ERWRW $ W~UDERWQDNMyYDONLVHEEDWHUKHOKHW VpJHPLQWDUHQGHVVtERWRNQDN +yWDOS V]LQWpQ IRQWRV D ERNDHPHO KD QLQFV GH OHJDOiEE D ERND WXGMRQ V]DEDGRQ IHOOH PR]RJQL +yODSiW WiUVXQNODYLQDDOyONLiViViUDViWRUpVELYDNKHONpV]tWpVUHKDV]QiOMXN9HUKHWHWOHQD MpJFViNiQUDV]HUHOKHW ODSiW QHPNHOODQHOHWFLSHOQL LOOHWYHDGHDGPDQNpQWLVKDV]QiOKDWy YHU]Ly +yI UpV] LJOXpVKyEDUODQJNpV]tWpVpKH] 3DNROiV D KiWL]ViNED LGHiOLV D PLQpO PDJDVDEE KiWKR]QDNKR] N|]HOL V~OSRQW N|QQ GROJRN DOXO QHKi] GROJRN IHOO GH D SUDNWXNXV RNRN H]W NLFVLW PyGRVtWKDWMiN SO HO UHOiWKDWyODJKDPDUDEENHOODKiOy]ViNPLQWDMpJFVDYDURN IHEU 7HOLB7DQIB5XKD]DWBGRF
Évről-évre egyre jelentősebbé válik az internetes álláspiac, hiszen számos offline hirdetési forma szűnt meg az álláskereső portálok térnyerésével. A gördülékeny egymásra találásnak köszönhetően a munkahelyváltás könnyebb, mint valaha. Tudd meg, hogyan!
